CYBER SPACE ETHNO- GRAPHY Dr. Max Forte CONCORDIA UNIVERSITY Dept. of Sociology & Anthropology

COURSE BIBLIOGRAPHY

Take from a variety of sources, especially Ethnobase, there is no uniform formatting of the references as of yet. This is a work in progress and may not be up to date. Some of these items are also available online at
READINGS ONLINE FOR SOCIOLOGY AND THE INTERNET
http://camden-www.rutgers.edu/~wood/445course.html

In order of relevance/usefulness, most journal articles below will be found by logging into the following databases via the Concordia University Library website:

• Anthrosource

• JSTOR

• EBSCO

• Blackwell

• SAGE

Abbott, C. (1998). "Making Connections: young people and the Internet". In Sefton-Green, J. (Ed.), Digital Diversions: Youth Culture in the Age of Multimedia. London, UCL: 84-105.

Adam, A., E. Green. (2001). Virtual Gender: Technology, Consumption and Identity. New York: Routledge.

Agar, J., S. Green, P. Harvey. (2002). "Cotton to Computers: From Industrial to Information Revolution". In S. Woolgar, ed,, Virtual Society? Technology, Cyberbole, Reality, pp. 265-301. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

 

Agre, P.E., D. Schuler (Eds.). (1997). Reinventing Technology, Rediscovering Community: Critical Explorations of Computing as Social Practice. Ablex Publishing.

Anderson, B., K. Tracey. (2001). "Digital Living: the impact (or otherwise) of the Internet on everyday life". American Behavioral Scientist 45 (3): 456-75.

Aporta, C., E. Higgs. (2005). "Satellite Culture: Global Positioning Systems, Inuit Wayfinding, and the Need for a New Account of Technology". Current Anthropology 46 (5): 729-754.

Argyle, K. (1996). "Life After Death". In Rob Shields, ed., Cultures of the Internet, pp. 133-142. London: Sage Publications.

Axelsson, A., Å. Abelin, R. Schroeder. (2003). "Anyone Speak Spanish? language encounters in multi-user virtual environments and the influence of technology". New Media and Society 5 (4): 475-498.

Aycock, A., N. Buchignani. (1994). "The Email Murders: Reflections on "Dead" Letters". In Steve Jones, ed., CyberSociety: Computer-Mediated Communication and Community, pp. 184-231. Thousand Oaks, CA, Sage Publications.

Bakardjieva, M. (2003). "Virtual Togetherness: an everyday-life experience". Media, Culture, and Society 25 (3): 291-313.

Bakardjieva, M. (2001). "The Internet in Everyday Life: computing technologies from the standpoint of the domestic user". New Media and Society 3 (1): 67-84.

Bakardjieva, M. (2005). Internet Society: The Internet in Everyday Life. London: Sage.

Barrett, E. (Ed.). (1994). Sociomedia: Multimedia, Hypermedia, and the Social Construction of Knowledge. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Baym, N.K. (1994). "The Emergence of Community in Computer-Mediated Communication". In Steve Jones, ed., CyberSociety: Computer-Mediated Communication and Community, pp. 138-163. Thousand Oaks: CA, Sage Publications.

Baym, N.K. (1998). "Talking About Soaps: communicative practices in a computer-mediated fan culture". In C. Harris & A. Alexander, eds., Theorizing Fandom: fans, subculture and identity, pp. 111-129. Cresskill, NJ: Hampton Press.

Baym, N.K. (1999). Tune In, Log On: Soaps, Fandom, and Online Community. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.

Baym, N.K. (1998). "The Emergence of On-Line Community". In Jones, S.G. (Ed.), CyberSociety 2.0: revisiting computer-mediated communication and community. Thousand Oaks, CA, Sage Publications: 35-68.

Baym, N.K. (1995). "The Performance of Humor in Computer-Mediated Communication". Journal of Computer Mediated Communication, 1(2).

Baym, N.K. (1995). "From Practice to Culture on Usenet". In Star, S.L. (Ed.), The Cultures of Computing. Oxford, Blackwell Publisher: 29-52.

Baym, N.K. (2002). "Interpersonal Life Online". In Lievrouw, L., S. Livingstone (Eds.), Handbook of New Media: Social Shapping and Consequences of ICTs. London, Sage Publications: 62-76.

Beaulieu, A. (2004). "Mediating ethnography: objectivity and the making of ethnographies of the internet". Social Epistemology 18 (2): 139-163.

Belausteguigotia, M. (2003). "The Zapatista Rebellion and the Use of Technology: Indian women online?". Indigenous Affairs 10 (2): 18-25.

Bell, D., B. Kennedy (Eds.). (2000). The Cybercultures Reader. London, Routledge.

Bennett, T., E. Silva (Eds.). (2003). Contemporary Culture and Everyday Life. Durham, Durham Sociology Press.

Blythe, M., A. Monk. (2005). "Net neighbours: adapting HCI methods to cross the digital divide". Interacting with Computers 17 (1): 35-56.

Boneva, B., R. Kraut. (2002). "Email, Gender, and Personal Relationships". In Wellman, B., C. Haythornthwaite (Eds.), The Internet in Everyday Life. Malden, MA, Blackwell: 372-403.

Bortree, D.S. (2005). "Presentation of self on the Web: an ethnographic study of teenage girls’ weblogs". Education, Communication & Information 5 (1): 25-39.

Bromberg, H. (1996). "Are MUDs Communities? Identity, Belonging and Consciousnessin Virtual Worlds". In Shields, R. (Ed.), Cultures of the Internet. London, Sage Publications: 143-152.

Bruckman, A.S. (1996). "Gender Swapping on the Internet". In Ludlow, P. (Ed.), High Noon on the Electronic Frontier: conceptual issues in cyberspace. Cambridge, MA, MIT Press: 317-325.

Buchanan, E.A. (Ed.). (2003). Virtual Research Ethics: Issues and Controversies. Hershey, PA, Idea Group Publishing.

Buchanan, E.A. (2000). "Ethics, qualitative research, and ethnography in virtual space". Journal of Information Ethics 9 (2): 82-87.

Bustillos Rodriguez, N. (2003). "Weaving Tapestries of Solidarity with Virtual Thread: information and communication technologies at the service of grassroots indigenous women in Bolivia". Indigenous Affairs 10 (2): 26-31.

Caspary, C., W. Manzenreiter. (2002). "From Subculture to Cybersubculture? The Japanese Noise Alliance and the Internet". In Gottlieb, N., M. McLelland (Eds.), Japanese Cybercultures. New York, London, RoutledgeCurzon: 60-74.

Castells, Mauel. 1996a. The Information Age. Economy, Society and Culture, Vol. I: The Rise of the Network Society. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers.

Castells, Mauel. 1996b. The Net and the Self. In Critique of Anthropology, 16: 9-38.

Castells, Mauel. 1997. The Information Age. Economy, Society and Culture, Vol. II: The Power of Identity. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers.

Castells, Mauel. 1998. The Information Age. Economy, Society and Culture, Vol. III: End of Millennium. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers.

Chayko, M. (2002). Connecting : how we form social bonds and communities in the Internet age. Albany, NY, State University of New York Press.

Cherny, L., E.R. Weise (Eds.). (1996). Wired Women: Gender and New Realities in Cyberspace. Seattle, WA, Seal Press.

Cherny, L. (1999). Conversation and Community: chat in a virtual world. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Clark, L. (1998). "Dating on the Net: teens and the rise of 'pure' relationships". In Jones, S.G. (Ed.), CyberSociety 2.0: revisiting computer-mediated communication and community. Thousand Oaks, CA, Sage Publications: 159-183.

Clark, L.S., C. Demont-Heinrich, S.A. Weber. (2004). "Ethnographic Interviews on the Digital Divide". New Media and Society 6 (4): 529-547.

Clerc, S. (1996). "Estrogen Brigades and 'Big Tits' Threads: media fandom online and off". In Cherny, L., E.R. Weise (Eds.), Wired Women: Gender and New Realities in Cyberspace. Seattle, WA, Seal Press: 73-97.

Collins-Jarvis, L.A. (1993). "Gender Representation in an Electronic City Hall: female adoption of Santa Monica's PEN system". Journal of Broadcasting and Electronic Media 37 (1): 49-66.

Colwell-Chanthaphonh, C. (2003). "Dismembering/disremembering the Buddhas: renderings on the Internet during the Afghan purge of the past". Journal of Social Archaeology 3 (1): 75-98.

Consalvo, M., S. Paasonen (Eds.). (2002). Women and Everyday Uses of the Internet: agency and identity. New York, Peter Lang.

Constable, N. (2003). Romance on a Global Stage: pen pals, virtual ethnography, and "mail-order" marriages. Berkeley, University of California Press.

Cooks, L. (2001). "Negotiating National Identity and Social Movement in Cyberspace: natives and invaders on the Panama-L listserv". In Ebo, B. (Ed.), Cymberimperialism? Global Relations in the New Electronic Frontier. Westport, CT, Praeger: 233-251.

Cooks, L., M.C. Paredes, E. Scharrer. (2002). " 'There's 'O Place' Like Home': searching for community on Oprah.com". In Consalvo, M., S. Paasonen (Eds.), Women and Everyday Uses of the Internet: agency and identity. New York, Peter Lang: 137-167.

Cooper, J. (Ed.). (1999). Liberating Cyberspace: Civil Liberties, Human Rights, and the Internet. London, Pluto Press/Liberty.

Correll, S. (1995). "The Ethnography of an Electronic Bar". Journal of Contemporary Ethnography 24 (3): 270-298.

Crang, M., P. Crang, J. May (Eds.). (1999). Virtual Geographies: Bodies, Space and Relations. London, Routledge.

Cullinane, J. (2002). " 'Net' - Working on the Web: Links Between Japanese HIV Patients in Cyberspace". In Gottlieb, N., M. McLelland (Eds.), Japanese Cybercultures. New York, London, RoutledgeCurzon: 126-140.

Cunningham, H. (1998). "Digital Culture - the View from the Dance Floor". In Sefton-Green, J. (Ed.), Digital Diversions: Youth Culture in the Age of Multimedia. London, UCL: 128-148.

Curtis, P. (1996). "MUDding: social phenomena in text-based virtual realities". In Ludlow, P. (Ed.), High Noon on the Electronic Frontier: conceptual issues in cyberspace. Cambridge, MA, MIT Press: 347-373.

Danet, B., L. Ruedenberg-Wright. (1997). " 'HMMM…WHERE'S THAT SMOKE COMING FROM?" Writing, Play and Performance on Internet Relay Chat". Journal of Computer Mediated Communication 2 (4).

Danet, B. (Ed.). (2001). Cyberpl@y: communicating online. Oxford, Berg.

Danet, B., T. Wachenhauser, H. Bechar-Israeli, A. Cividalli, Y. Rosenbaum-Tamari. (1995). "Curtain Time 20:00 GMT: experiments with virtual theater on internet relay chat". Journal of Computer Mediated Communication 1 (2).

Del-Castillo, H., A.B. Garcia-Varela, P. Lacasa. (2003). "Literacies through media: Identity and discourse in the process of constructing a web site". International Journal of Educational Research 39 (8): 885-991.

Dibbell, J. (1996). A Rape in Cyberspace; or How an Evil Clown, a Haitian Trickster Spirit, Two Wizards, and a Cast of Dozens Turned a Database into a Society. In Ludlow, P. (Ed.), High Noon on the Electronic Frontier: conceptual issues in cyberspace. Cambridge, MA, MIT Press: 375-395.

Dibbell, J. (1998). My Tiny Life: Crime and Passion in a Virtual World. New York, Henry Holt.

Dicks, B., B. Mason. (1998). Hypermedia and Ethnography: Reflections on the Construction of a Research Approach. Sociological Research Online, 3(3). Available: http://www.socresonline.org.uk/3/3/3.html

Dijk, J.V. (1998). The Reality of Virtual Communities. Trends in Communication, 1(1), 39-63.

DiMarco, A.D., H. DiMarco. (2003). Investigating Cybersociety: a consideration of the ethical and practical issues surrounding online research in chat rooms. In Jewkes, Y. (Ed.), Dot.cons: crime deviance, and identity on the Internet. Devon, Willan Publishing: 164-179.

Dodge, M., R. Kitchin. (2000). Mapping Cyberspace. London, Routledge.

Donath, J.S. (1999). Identity and Deception in the Virtual Community. In Smith, M., P. Kollock (Eds.), Communities in Cyberspace. London, Routledge: 29-59.

Doostdar, A. (2004). 'The vulgar spirit of blogging': on language, culture, and power in Persian weblogestan. American Anthropologist, 106(4), 651-662.

Ebo, B. (Ed.). (2001). Cymberimperialism? Global Relations in the New Electronic Frontier. Westport, CT, Praeger.

Eichorn, K. (2001). Sites unseen: ethnographic research in a textual community. International Journal of Qualitative Studies in Education (QSE), 14(4), 565-578.

Elmer, G. (2002). Critical perspectives on the Internet. Lanham, Md., Rowman & Littlefield.

Enochsson, A. (2005). A gender perspective on Internet use: Consequences for information seeking. Information Research, 10(4).

Escobar, A. (1994). Welcome to Cyberia: notes on the anthropology of cyberculture. Current Anthropology, 35(3), 211-232.

Ess, C. (Ed.). (2001). Culture, Technology, and Communication: towards an intercultural global village. Albany, State University of New York Press.

Fabian, J. (2002). Virtual Archives and Ethnographic Writing. Current Anthropology, 43(5), 775-786.

Featherstone, Mike and Roger Burrows (eds.). 1995. Cyberspace, Cyberbodies, Cyberpunk: Cultures of Technological Embodiment. London: SAGE.

Fialkova, L., M.N. Yelenevskaya. (2001). Ghosts in the Cyber World. An analysis of folklore sites on the Internet. Fabula, 42(1), 64-89.

Fischer, M. (1999). Worlding Cyberspace: toward a critical ethnography in time, space, and theory. In Marcus, G. (Ed.), Critical Anthropology Now: unexpected contexts, shifting constituencies, changing agendas. Santa Fe, NM, SAR Press: 245-304.

Fornas, J., K. Klein, M. Ladndorf, J. Sundén, M. Sveningsson (Eds.). (2002). Digital Borderlands: cultural studies of identity and interactivity on the Internet. New York, Peter Lang Publishing.

Forte, Maximilian. (2002). “Another Revolution Missed: Anthropology of Cyberspace”. Anthropology News 43 (9) December.
http://openanthropology.wordpress.com/2007/10/15/another-revolution-missed-anthropology-of-cyberspace/

Forte, Maximilian C. (2002). “‘We are not Extinct’: The Revival of Carib and Taino Identities, the Internet, and the Transformation of Offline Indigenes into Online ‘N-digenes’.” Sincronía: An Electronic Journal of Cultural Studies. Spring. http://sincronia.cucsh.udg.mx/CyberIndigen.htm

Forte, Maximilian C. (2003). “Caribbean Aboriginals Online: Digitized Culture, Networked Representation.” In Indigenous Affairs: Special Issue on Indigenous Peoples and Information Technology. Guest edited by Kyra Marie Landzelius. No. 2: 32-37.

Forte, Maximilian C. (2004). “Co-Construction and Field Creation: Website Development as both an Instrument and Relationship in Action Research.” In Elizabeth Buchanan, ed., Virtual Research Ethics: Issues and Controversies, pp. 222-248. Hershey, PA: Idea Group.

Forte, Maximilian C. (2005). “Website Development as Both an Instrument and Relationship in Action Research.” In Stewart Marshall, Wal Taylor, Xinghuo Yu, eds., The Encyclopedia of Developing Regional Communities with Information and Communication Technology, pp. 729-734. Hershey, PA: Idea Group Reference.

Forte, Maximilian C. (2006). “Amerindian@Caribbean: The Modes and Meanings of 'Electronic Solidarity' in the Revival of Carib and Taino Identities.” In Kyra Marie Landzelius, ed., Native on the Net: Indigenous and Diasporic Peoples in the Virtual Age, pp. 132-151. London: Routledge.

Forte, Maximilian C. (2006). “Searching for a Centre in the Digital Ether: Notes on the Indigenous Caribbean Resurgence on the Internet.” In Maximilian C. Forte, ed. Indigenous Resurgence in the Contemporary Caribbean: Amerindian Survival and Revival, pp. 253-269. New York: Peter Lang.

Fox, N., C. Roberts. (1999). GPs in Cyberspace: the sociology of a 'virtual community'. Sociological Review, 47(4), 643-671.

Fredrick, C.A. (1999). Feminist Rhetoric in Cyberspace. The Ethos of Feminist Usenet Newsgroups. The Information Society, 15, 187-197.

Gajjala, R. (2002). An interrupted postcolonial/feminist cyberethnography: complicity and resistance in the 'cyberfield'. Feminist Media Studies, 2(2), 177-193.

Garsten, Christina and Helena Wulff (eds). People Of The Screen: Ethnographic Studies Of Electronic Work Practice. Oxford: Berg (forthcoming).

Gatson, S.N., A. Zweerink. (2004). Ethnography online: 'natives' practising and inscribing community. Qualitative Research, 4(2), 179-200.

Gauntlett, D. (Ed.). (2000). Web.Studies: Rewiring Media Studies for the Digital Age. Oxford, Arnold and Oxford University Press.

Gibson, William. 1984. Neuromancer. New York: Ace.

Gilboa, N. (1996). Elites, Lamers, Narcs and Whores: exploring the computer underground. In Cherny, L., E.R. Weise (Eds.), Wired Women: Gender and New Realities in Cyberspace. Seattle, WA, Seal Press: 98-113.

Goldman-Segall, R. (1994). Collaborative Virtual Communities: Using Learning Constellations, A Multimedia Ethnographic Research Tool. In Barrett, E. (Ed.), Sociomedia: multimedia, hypermedia, and the social construction of knowledge. Cambridge, MA, MIT Press: 257-296.

Graham, Gordon. 1999. The Internet: A Philosophical Inquiry. London: Routledge.

Gray, C., M. Driscoll. (1992). What's Real About Virtual Reality? anthropology of, and in cyberspace. Visual Anthropology Review, 8(2), 39-49.

Green, N. (1999). Disrupting the Field: virtual reality technologies and 'multisited' ethnographic methods. American Behavioral Scientist, 43(3), 409-421.

Green, N. (2001). Strange Yet Stylish: virtual reality consumption and the construction of gender. In Adam, A., E. Green, Virtual Gender : technology, consumption and identity. New York, Routledge: 150-172.

Green, S., P. Harvey. (1999). Scaling Place and Networks: an ethnography of ICT 'innovation' in Manchester. In Proceedings of Internet and Ethnography, Hull, UK. Available: http://les.man.ac.uk/sa/Virtsoc/Scale.htm

Green, S., P. Harvey, H. Knox. (2005). Scales of Place and Networks: an ethnography of the imperative to connect through information and communication technologies. Current Anthropology, 46(5), 805-826.

Grossman, Wendy. 1997. net.wars. New York: New York University press.

Hafner, Katie and Matthew Lyon. 1996. Where Wizards Stay Up Late. The Origins of the Internet. New York: Simon and Schuster.

Hakken, D. (1999). Cyborgs@Cyberspace: an anthropologist looks to the future. New York, Routledge.

Hamman, R. (1997). The Application of Ethnographic Methodology in the Study of Cybersex. Cybersociology, 1. Available: http://www.socio.demon.co.uk/magazine/plummer.html

Hampton, K., B. Wellman. (1999). Netville Online and Offline: observing and surveying a wired suburb. American Behavioral Scientist, 43(3), 475-492.

Hampton, K.N. (2003). Grieving for a Lost Network: Collective Action in a Wired Suburb. The Information Society, 19(5), 417-428.

Hampton, K.N., B. Wellman. (2002). The Not So Global Village of Netville. In Wellman, B., C. Haythornthwaite (Eds.), The Internet in Everyday Life. Malden, MA, Blackwell: 345-371.

Haraway, Donna (1991). A cyborg manifesto: Science, technology, and socialist-feminism in the late twentieth century. In Donna Haraway (Ed.), Simians, cyborgs and women: The reinvention of nature (pp.149-181). NY: Routledge.

Harcourt, W. (Ed.). (1999). Women@Internet: creating new cultures in cyberspace. London, Zed.

Hayles, N.K. (1999). How We Became Posthuman: Virtual Bodies in Cybernetics, Literature, and Informatics. Chicago, University of Chicago Press.

Haythornthwaite, C., C. Hagar. (2005). The social worlds of the Web. Annual Review of Information Science and Technology, 39(0), 311-346.

Henwood, F., H. Kennedy, N. Miller (Eds.). (2001). Cyborg Lives?: women's technobiographies. York, UK, Raw Nerve Books.

Herring, S.C. (1993). Gender and Democracy in Computer-Mediated Communication. Electronic Journal of Communication, 3(2).

Hicks, C.R. (1998). Places in the 'net: experiencing cyberspace. Cultural Dynamics, 10(1), 49-90.

Hine, C. (2000). Virtual Ethnography. London, Sage.

Hine, C. (1998). Virtual Ethnography. In Proceedings of Internet Research and Information for Social Scientists, Bristol, UK. Available: http://www.sosig.ac.uk/iriss/papers/paper16.htm 

Howard, P.N. (2005). Deep democracy, thin citizenship: The impact of digital media in political campaign strategy. Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 597(0), 153-170.

Howard, P.N. (2002). Network Ethnography and the Hypermedia Organization: new media, new organizations, new methods. New Media and Society, 4(4), 550-574.

Hoybye, M.T., C. Johansen, T. Tjornhoj-Thomsen. (2005). Online interaction: effects of storytelling in an Internet breast cancer support group. Psycho-Oncology, 14(3), 211-220.

Hughes, J.A., J. O'Brien, M. Rouncefield, P. Tolmie. (1998). Some 'Real' Problems of 'Virtual' Teamwork. Department of Sociology, Lancaster University. Lancaster, UK. Available: http://www.comp.lancs.ac.uk/sociology/papers/hughes-et-al-problems-of-teamwork.pdf

Ito, M., V. O'Day, A. Adler, C. Linde, E. Mynatt. (n.d.). Making a Place for Seniors on the Net: SeniorNet, Senior Identity and the Digital Divide. Computers and Society, 31(3), 15-21. Available: http://www.itofisher.com/PEOPLE/mito/seniorsonthenet.pdf

Ito, M. (1996). Theory, method, and design in anthropologies of the internet. Social Science Computer Review, 14(1), 24-26.

Ito, M. (1997). Virtually Embodied: the Reality of Fantasy in a Multiuser Dungeon. In Porter, D. (Ed.), Internet Culture. London, Routledge: 87-109.

Jackson, L.A., A. von Eye, G. Barbatsis, F. Biocca, Y. Zhao, H.E. Fitzgerald. (2003). Internet attitudes and Internet use: some surprising findings from the HomeNetToo project. International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 59(3), 355-382.

Jacobs, D.C., J. Yudken. (2003). The Internet, social intelligence and labor: the challenge of virtualization. London, Routledge.

Jacobson, D. (1999). Impression Formation in Cyberspace: Online Expectations and Offline Experiences in Text-based Virtual Communities. Journal of Computer Mediated Communication, 5(1).

Jacobson, D. (1999). Doing Research in Cyberspace. Field Methods, 11(2), 127-145. Available: http://people.brandeis.edu/~jacobson/Doing_Research_Cyberspace.pdf

Jewkes, Y. (Ed.). (2003). Dot.cons: crime deviance, and identity on the Internet. Devon, Willan Publishing.

Jewsiewicki, B., M. Pastinelli. (2000). The Ethnography of the Digital World, or How to do Fieldwork in a 'Brave New World' (L'ethnographie du monde numérique ou comment faire du terrain dans le « meilleur des mondes »?). Ethnologies, 22(2), 5-40.

Jones, S.G. (Ed.). (1997). Virtual Culture: identity and communication in cybersociety. London, Sage.

Jones, S.G. (Ed.). (1998). CyberSociety 2.0: revisiting computer-mediated communication and community. Thousand Oaks, CA, Sage Publications.

Jones, S. (Ed.). (2000). Doing Internet Research: critical issues and methods for examining the Net. Thousand Oaks, CA, Sage Publications.

Jones, S.G. (Ed.). (1994). CyberSociety: Computer-Mediated Communication and Community. Thousand Oaks, CA, Sage Publications.

Jordan, T. (1999). Cyberpower: the culture and politics of cyberspace and the Internet. London, Routledge.

Kember, S. (1998). Virtual Anxiety: Photography, New Technologies and Subjectivity. Manchester, Manchester University Press.

Kendall, L. (1996). MUDder? I Hardly Know 'Er! Adventures of a Feminist MUDder. In Cherny, L., E.R. Weise (Eds.), Wired Women: Gender and New Realities in Cyberspace. Seattle, WA, Seal Press: 207-223.

Kendall, L. (2000). “Oh No! I’m a Nerd!” Hegemonic Masculinity on an Online Forum. Gender and Society, 14(2), 256-274.

Kendall, L. (2002). Hanging out in the virtual pub : masculinities and relationships online. Berkeley, University of California Press.

Kitchin, R. (1998). Cyberspace: The World in the Wires. Chichester, Wiley.

Kolko, B.E., G.B. Rodman, L. Nakamura (Eds.). (1999). Race in Cyberspace. New York, Routledge.

Komito, L. (1998). The Net as a Foraging Society: Flexible Communities. The Information Society, 14(2), 97-106.

Kuhmunen, H.M. (2003). Samenet - the Sami Information and Communication Network. Indigenous Affairs, 0(2), 44-46.

Kunil, T.L., A. Luciani (Eds.). (1998). Cyberworlds. New York, Springer.

Kvasny, L. (2005). The Role of Habitus in Shaping Discourses about the Digital Divide. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 10(2).

Landzelius, K. (2003). Paths of Indigenous Cyber-Activism. Indigenous Affairs, 0(2), 6-13.

Laurier, E., A. Whyte. (2001). 'I Saw You': Searching for Lost Love via Practices of Reading, Writing and Responding. Sociological Research Online, 6(1). Available: http://www.socresonline.org.uk/6/1/laurier.html

Lévy, Pierre. 1997. Collective Intelligence: Mankind’s Emerging World in Cyberspace. New York: Plenum Press.

Levy, Steven. 1994. Hackers: Heroes of the Computer Revolution. London: Penguin Books.

Lievrouw, L., S. Livingstone (Eds.). (2002). Handbook of New Media: Social Shapping and Consequences of ICTs. London, Sage Publications.

Lindlof, T.R., M.J. Shatzer. (1998). Media Ethnography in Virtual Space: Strategies, limits, and possibilities. Journal of Broadcasting and Electronic Media, 42(2), 170-189.

Livingstone, S.M. (2002). Young people and new media : childhood and the changing media environment. London, Sage.

Loader, B.D. (Ed.). (1998). Cyberspace Divide: equality, agency, and polity in the information age. London, Routledge.

Lovink, G. (2002). Dark fiber : tracking critical internet culture. Cambridge, Mass., MIT Press.

Ludlow, P. (Ed.). (1996). High Noon on the Electronic Frontier: conceptual issues in cyberspace. Cambridge, MA, MIT Press.

Lyon, David. 1988. The Information Society: Issues and Illusions. Oxford: Polity Press.

Lysloff, R. (2003). Musical Community on the Internet: an on-line ethnography. Cultural Anthropology, 18(2), 233-263.

MacDonald, A. (1998). Uncertain Utopia: science fiction media fandom and computer mediated communication. In Harris, C., A. Alexander (Eds.), Theorizing Fandom: fans, subculture and identity. Cresskill, NJ, Hampton Press: 131-152.

Mackay, Hugie.1995. Theorizing the IT/Society Relationship. In Information Technology and Society: A Reader, N. Heap, R. Thomas, G. Einon, R. Mason and H. Mackay (eds). London: SAGE Publications in association with the Open University.

Mann, C., F. Stewart. (2000). Internet Communication and Qualitative Research: A Handbook for Researching Online. London, Sage Publications.

Marcus, George (ed). 1996. Connected. Engagements With Media. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, Late Editions: Cultural Studies for the End of the Century, Vol. 3.

Marcus, G. (Ed.). (1999). Critical Anthropology Now: unexpected contexts, shifting constituencies, changing agendas. Santa Fe, NM, SAR Press.

Markham, A.M. (1998). Life Online: Researching Real Experience in Virtual Space. London, Sage.

Marshall, J. (2003). The Sexual Life of Cyber-Savants. Australian Journal of Anthropology, 14(2), 229-248.

292. Marvin, L. (1995). Spoof, Spam, Lurk, and Lag: the aesthetics of text-based virtual realities. Journal of Computer Mediated Communication, 1(2).

McCaughey, M., M.D. Ayers (Eds.). (2003). Cyberactivism: online activism in theory and practice. New York, Routledge.

McLelland, M.J. (2002). Virtual Ethnography: using the Internet to study gay culture in Japan. Sexualities, 5(4), 387-406.

Miller, D., D. Slater. (2000). The Internet: An Ethnographic Approach. London, Berg.

Miller, D., D. Slater. (2003). Ethnography and the Extreme Internet. In Ericksen, T.H. (Ed.), Globalisation: studies in anthropology. London, Pluto Press: 39-57.

Miller, D. (2003). Could the Internet defetishise the commodity?. Environment and Planning, 21(3), 359-372.

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